Puppet Configuration on Azure VM (Part-I)

In this blog, I will deploy the Puppet on Azure virtual machine. First thing you have to do is take a look on my this blog to know, how to create a virtual on Azure using command line. And then If Puppet is new for you, read my this blog first.

Create a virtual machine for Puppet master using following command:

az vm create --resource-group halcyoona-group --name master --image UbuntuLTS --generate-ssh-keys --output json --verbose

you will get this output:

Use existing SSH public key file: /home/halcyoona/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
{- Finished ..
  "fqdns": "",
  "id": "/subscriptions/95623de4-e1df-4c06-9954-bd66314b4bd0/resourceGroups/halcyoona-group/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/master",
  "location": "eastus",
  "macAddress": "00-22-48-20-91-D8",
  "powerState": "VM running",
  "privateIpAddress": "10.0.0.5",
  "publicIpAddress": "13.72.73.153",
  "resourceGroup": "halcyoona-group",
  "zones": ""
}

Now using publicIpAddress, ssh into your master using below command:

ssh halcyoona@13.72.73.153

Now add the repository of the Puppet.

wget https://apt.puppetlabs.com/puppet6-release-bionic.deb
sudo dpkg -i puppet6-release-bionic.deb
sudo apt update

Now install the Puppet Server in the Puppet master virtual machine:

sudo apt-get install puppetserver

Now we create our own CA with uisng following command:

/opt/puppetlabs/bin/puppetserver ca setup

Output:

Puppet For Beginners

In this blog, I will discuss Puppet architecture at the very basic level in a very simple way.

Consider a system administrator working with multiple servers. If one of the servers has an issue, they can easily fix it. The situation becomes problematic, however, when multiple servers are down.
This is where Puppet can help.
With Puppet, you can write simple code and deploy it to the servers that have issues. After the code runs, all servers are rolled back to their previous working states or set to the new desired states in a matter of seconds. Puppet can also be used to deploy software and add security, all through simple codes.

What is Puppet?

Puppet is a configuration management tool ensuring that all systems are configured to a desired and predictable state.
Puppet is an open-source DevOps system management tool. It is used to centralize and automate the configuration management procedure. This tool is developed using Ruby DSL (domain-specific language). Puppet tool deploys, configures, and manages the servers.

Architecture

IA-32 Floating Point Unit

Introduction:

The Floating-Point Unit (FPU) provides high-performance floating-point processing capabilities for use in graphics processing, scientific, engineering, and business applications.

The FPU represents a separate execution environment within the IA-32 architecture. This execution environment consists of 8 data registers and following special purpose registers.

• The status register
• The counter register
• The tag word register

Mechanism:

The FPU data register consists of eight 80-bits registers. Values are stored in these register in the double extended-precision floating point format. When floating-point, integer, or packed BCD integer values are loaded from memory into any of the FPU data registers, the values are automatically converted into the double extended-precision floating-point format (if they are not already in that format). When computation results are subsequently transferred back into memory from any of the FPU registers, the results can be left in the double extended-precision floating-point format or converted back into a shorter floating-point format, an integer format, or the packed BCD integer format.

The FPU instructions treat the eight FPU data register as a register stack.All addressing of the data registers is relative to the register on the top of the stack.

The register number of the current top-of-stack register is stored in the TOP (stack TOP) field in the FPU status word. Load operations decrement TOP by one and load a value into the new top-of-stack register, and store operations store the value from the current TOP register in memory and then increment TOP by one. (For the FPU, a load operation is equivalent to a push and a store operation is equivalent to a pop.) Note that load and store operations are also available that do not push and pop the stack.

SAP – 1 Processor

Architecture Introduction

The Simple-As-Possible (SAP)-1 computer is a very basic model of a microprocessor. The SAP-1 design contains the basic necessities for a functional Microprocessor. Its primary purpose is to develop a basic understanding of how a microprocessor works, interacts with memory and other parts of the system like input and output. The instruction set is very limited and is simple.

1. Program Counter

The program is stored at the beginning of the memory with the first instruction at binary address 0000, the second instruction at 0001, the third at address 0010 and so on. The program counter which is part of the control unit, counts from 0000 to 1111. Its job is to send to the memory the address of the next instruction to be fetched and executed. It does this as mentioned in the next paragraph.

The program counter is reset to 0000 before each computer run. When the computer run begins, the program counter sends the address 0000 to the memory. The program counter is then incremented to get 0001. After the first instruction is fetched and executed, the program counter sends address 0001 to the memory. Again the program counter is incremented. After the second instruction is fetched and executed, the program counter sends address 0010 to the memory. So this way, the program counter keeps track of the next instruction to be fetched and executed.

The program counter is like someone pointing a finger at a list of instructions saying do this first, do this second, do this third, etc. This is why the program counter is called a pointer; it points to an address in memory where the instruction or data is being stored.